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BHP Economic Contribution Report Extract 2020
BHP Group Plc
Registration number 3196209
Registered in England and Wales
Share code: BHP
ISIN: GB00BH0P3Z91
Issued by: BHP Group Plc
Date: 15 September 2020
To: London Stock Exchange
JSE Limited
For Release: Immediately
Contact: Helen Ratsey +44 (0) 20 7802 7540
BHP Group Plc – Economic Contribution Report 2020
Introduction
Our Economic Contribution Report (Report) for the year ended 30 June 2020 was released today.
BHP has a long-standing commitment to transparency. We believe it enhances understanding, builds trust and
holds us and others to account.
We’ve disclosed details of our tax and royalty payments for more than 20 years and during that time we have
continually updated and expanded our disclosures. As in prior years, this Report discloses our total direct
economic contribution, including the taxes and royalties we paid on a country-by-country and project-by-project
basis. We disclose reconciliation of this data to our Financial Statements, including comparative data from prior
years. We also disclose additional voluntary information, such as details of each of our subsidiary entities in ‘tax
haven’ countries and tax incentives we have been granted in the countries in which we operateby some of our
host governments. In addition, we disclose our intra- group transactions and relationships with tax authorities in
compliance with the Australian Voluntary Tax Transparency Code. We also disclose further information regarding
our approach to tax risk management and governance.
The Report complies with a number of different tax transparency regimes. The information on our payments to
governments is set out in accordance with the UK Regulations, which implement the EU Accounting Directive. By
issuing the Report, we comply with the Australian Voluntary Tax Transparency Code. Beyond these requirements,
we voluntarily disclose additional information, including our direct economic contribution, profit/(loss), number of
employees and contractors and effective tax rates in the key countries in which we operate. Also, we support the
voluntary disclosure of country-by-country reports that contain quantitative data, such as revenue from related
and unrelated parties, profit/(loss) before tax, and number of employees for each country in which a subsidiary
entity of a corporate group is tax resident. We will be publishing our country-by-country data for FY2019,
separately to this Report.
Our Economic Contribution Report 2020 has today been submitted to the FCA National Storage Mechanism
and will shortly be available for inspection at https://data.fca.org.uk/#/nsm/nationalstoragemechanism. It is also
available to be downloaded on the BHP website at:
https://www.bhp.com/investor-centre/-/media/documents/investors/annual-
reports/2020/bhpeconomiccontributionreport2020.pdf
BHP’s corporate purpose is to bring people and resources together to build a better world. We are proud of the
valuable contribution we make to the communities where we operate and to society as a whole. The economic
contribution we make is an important part of this. Our total direct economic contribution for FY2020 was US$37.2
billion. This includes payments to suppliers, wages and benefits for our more than 80,000 employees and
contractors, dividends, taxes and royalties and voluntary investment in social projects across the communities
where we operate.
In FY2020, our tax, royalty and other payments to governments totalled US$9.1 billion. Of this, 82.2 per cent or
US$7.5 billion was paid in Australia. During the last decade, we paid US$85.0 billion globally in taxes, royalties
and other payments, including US$64.2 billion (approximately A$76 billion) in Australia.
Below are extracted sections of our full Economic Contribution Report 2020 that together meet the UK
Regulations.
Our payments to governments
BHP has prepared this information in accordance with the UK Regulations. Our Report addresses BHP's reporting obligations under DTR 4.3A of the Financial Conduct
Authority's Disclosure Guidance and Transparency Rules. The ‘Basis of preparation’ and ‘Glossary’ contain information about the content of the Report and form part of
the Report.
Payments made by country and level of government
The information on taxes paid by classification and country presented below has been prepared on the basis set out in the ‘Basis of report preparation’ section of the
Report.
US$ millions Corporat Royalty- Taxes Total Royalti Product Fees Payments Signature, Total Other Total
e income related levied on taxes es ion for discovery payments payments payments to
taxes income productio paid entitle infrastructu and as defined governments
taxes n ments re production by the UK
improveme bonuses Regulations
nts
Total payments to governments 5,458.6 459.3 25.0 5,942.9 2,626.3 139.4 121.8 1.8 5.5 8,837.7 308.6 9,146.3
Algeria (1) - - - - - 86.0 - - - 86.0 - 86.0
Directorate General of Taxes - - - - - 86.0 - - - 86.0 - 86.0
Australia (4) 4,400.0 374.0 25.0 4,799.0 2,433.9 - 22.4 1.3 - 7,256.6 259.5 7,516.1
Australian Taxation Office 4,400.0 374.0 25.0 4,799.0 - - - - - 4,799.0 36.0 4,835.0
Central Highlands Regional Council - - - - - - - - - - 2.0 2.0
Coal Mining Industry Long Service - - - - - - - - - - 13.5 13.5
Department of Mines, Industry, Regulation and - - - - 100.6 - - - - 100.6 - 100.6
Safety (Western Australia)
Isaac Regional Council (Queensland) - - - - - - - - - - 9.2 9.2
Mackay Regional Council (Queensland) - - - - - - - - - - 0.5 0.5
Muswellbrook Shire Council (New South Wales) - - - - - - 0.1 0.5 - 0.6 2.7 3.3
Shire of Ashburton (Western Australia) - - - - - - - - - - 1.8 1.8
Shire of East Pilbara (Western Australia) - - - - - - 0.1 - - 0.1 2.4 2.5
Shire of Leonara (Western Australia) - - - - - - - - - - 0.7 0.7
Shire of Wiluna (Western Australia) - - - - - - - - - - 0.9 0.9
State of New South Wales - - - - 71.9 - 1.8 - - 73.7 7.6 81.3
State of Queensland - - - - 553.3 - 1.0 - - 554.3 54.2 608.5
State of South Australia - - - - 51.9 - 2.0 0.8 - 54.7 19.1 73.8
State of Victoria - - - - - - - - - - 5.5 5.5
State of Western Australia - - - - 1,656.2 - 15.8 - - 1,672.0 87.8 1,759.8
Town of Port Hedland (Western Australia) - - - - - - - - - - 15.0 15.0
Other Australian Governments - - - - - - 1.6 - - 1.6 0.6 2.2
Barbados - - - - - - 1.2 - 5.5 6.7 - 6.7
Government of Barbados - - - - - - 1.2 - 5.5 6.7 - 6.7
Brazil 1.6 - - 1.6 - - - - - 1.6 4.1 5.7
Federal Tax Revenue Ministry 1.6 - - 1.6 - - - - - 1.6 4.1 5.7
Canada 18.9 - - 18.9 - - 8.6 0.5 - 28.0 4.0 32.0
Canada Revenue Agency 18.8 - - 18.8 - - - - - 18.8 0.7 19.5
Finances Quebec 0.1 - - 0.1 - - - 0.2 - 0.3 0.1 0.4
Government of Saskatchewan - - - - - - 8.5 - - 8.5 0.1 8.6
Ministry of Finance - Ontario - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 0.1
Rural Municipality of Leroy (Saskatchewan) - - - - - - - 0.1 - 0.1 2.9 3.0
Rural Municipality of Prairie Rose (Saskatchewan) - - - - - - - 0.2 - 0.2 - 0.2
Other Canadian Governments - - - - - - 0.1 - - 0.1 0.1 0.2
Chile (2) 838.9 85.3 - 924.2 - - 15.8 - - 940.0 6.4 946.4
Servicio De Impuestos Internos 838.9 85.3 - 924.2 - - 15.8 - - 940.0 6.4 946.4
China 1.8 - - 1.8 - - - - - 1.8 - 1.8
China Tax Bureau 1.8 - - 1.8 - - - - - 1.8 - 1.8
Ecuador - - - - - - 0.3 - - 0.3 - 0.3
Government of Ecuador - - - - - - 0.3 - - 0.3 - 0.3
India 0.3 - - 0.3 - - - - - 0.3 - 0.3
Income Tax Department 0.3 - - 0.3 - - - - - 0.3 - 0.3
Japan 0.4 - - 0.4 - - - - - 0.4 - 0.4
National Tax Agency 0.4 - - 0.4 - - - - - 0.4 - 0.4
Malaysia 1.4 - - 1.4 - - - - - 1.4 - 1.4
Inland Revenue Board 1.4 - - 1.4 - - - - - 1.4 - 1.4
Mexico 3.5 - - 3.5 - - 2.3 - - 5.8 6.5 12.3
Mexican Federal Tax Administration 3.5 - - 3.5 - - 2.3 - - 5.8 6.5 12.3
Netherlands 1.2 - - 1.2 - - - - - 1.2 - 1.2
Tax and Customs Administration 1.2 - - 1.2 - - - - - 1.2 - 1.2
Peru 5.2 - - 5.2 - - 0.4 - - 5.6 0.1 5.7
Republica Del Peru - - - - - - 0.4 - - 0.4 - 0.4
National Superintendency of Customs And Tax 5.2 - - 5.2 - - - - - 5.2 0.1 5.3
Administration
Philippines - - - - - - - - - - 0.5 0.5
Bureau of Internal Revenue - - - - - - - - - - 0.5 0.5
Singapore 4.9 - - 4.9 - - - - - 4.9 - 4.9
Inland Revenue Authority of Singapore 4.9 - - 4.9 - - - - - 4.9 - 4.9
Switzerland 3.2 - - 3.2 - - - - - 3.2 - 3.2
Canton of Zug 3.2 - - 3.2 - - - - - 3.2 - 3.2
Trinidad and Tobago (3) 3.8 - - 3.8 - 53.4 13.2 - - 70.4 1.6 72.0
Board of Inland Revenue 3.8 - - 3.8 - 53.4 13.2 - - 70.4 1.6 72.0
United Kingdom 48.2 - - 48.2 - - - - - 48.2 22.5 70.7
City of Westminster - - - - - - - - - - 1.0 1.0
Her Majesty's Revenue & Customs 48.2 - - 48.2 - - - - - 48.2 21.5 69.7
United States of America 125.3 - - 125.3 192.4 - 57.6 - - 375.3 3.4 378.7
Arizona Department of Revenue - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 0.1
Arizona State Land Department - - - - - - 0.1 - - 0.1 0.5 0.6
Bureau of Land Management - - - - - - 0.1 - - 0.1 - 0.1
Internal Revenue Service (0.1) - - (0.1) - - 0.1 - - - 0.1 0.1
Louisiana Department of Revenue 20.1 - - 20.1 0.3 - - - - 20.4 - 20.4
Texas Comptroller - - - - - - - - - - 1.8 1.8
Treasury General Account - - - - - - - - - - 0.2 0.2
U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission - - - - - - 0.1 - - 0.1 - 0.1
U.S. Department of The Interior - - - - 192.1 - 56.5 - - 248.6 - 248.6
U.S. Department of The Treasury 105.3 - - 105.3 - - - - - 105.3 0.2 105.5
Utah State Tax Commission - - - - - - 0.1 - - 0.1 0.1 0.2
Washington Department of Revenue - - - - - - 0.5 - - 0.5 - 0.5
Other US Governments - - - - - - 0.1 - - 0.1 0.4 0.5
Figures are rounded to the nearest decimal point.
(1) Production entitlements of 1.5 million barrels of oil equivalent (boe) paid in-kind.
(2) Income and mining taxes are paid in Chile on a calendar year basis. However, for the purpose of this Report, taxes paid are included for BHP’s financial year (1 July 2019 to 30 June 2020). For reference, income tax and specific tax on mining activities paid by
Escondida and Pampa Norte for Calendar Year 2019 amount to US$527.7 million (Escondida) and US$184.0 million (Pampa Norte).
(3) Production entitlements of 3.1 million boe paid in-kind.
(4) Payments made for royalties in relation to the North West Shelf of US$100.6 million relate to the ad valorem royalty over which the Commonwealth has jurisdiction. Under the Offshore Petroleum (Royalty) Act 2006, the royalties are assessed and collected
on behalf of the Commonwealth by the Government of Western Australia Department of Mines, Industry, Regulation and Safety. Payments are currently allocated between the Commonwealth (approximately one third) and Western Australia (approximately
two thirds).
Payments made on a project-by-project basis
Taxes paid by classification and project are presented in this section and have been prepared on the basis set out in the ?Basis of report preparation’ section of the
Report.
US$ millions Corporate Royalty- Taxes Total Royalties Production Fees Payments for Signature, Total Other Total
income related levied on taxes entitlements infrastructure discovery payments payments payments to
taxes income production paid improvements and as defined governments
taxes production by the UK
bonuses Regulations
Total payments to governments 5,458.6 459.3 25.0 5,942.9 2,626.3 139.4 121.8 1.8 5.5 8,837.7 308.6 9,146.3
Petroleum 501.0 378.7 25.0 904.7 293.0 139.4 74.6 - 5.5 1,417.2 18.7 1,435.9
Algeria Joint Interest Unit (1) - - - - - 86.0 - - - 86.0 - 86.0
Australia Joint Interest Unit - - - - - - - - - - - -
Australia Production Unit - Victoria 1.0 10.9 - 11.9 - - - - - 11.9 - 11.9
Australia Production Unit - Western 155.3 105.6 - 260.9 - - 1.2 - - 262.1 5.2 267.3
Australia
Bass Strait 54.1 262.2 - 316.3 - - - - - 316.3 2.9 319.2
Gulf of Mexico 17.4 - - 17.4 192.1 - 56.5 - - 266.0 2.5 268.5
North West Shelf 239.0 - 25.0 264.0 100.6 - 0.1 - - 364.7 - 364.7
Trinidad and Tobago Production 0.7 - - 0.7 - 53.4 13.2 - - 67.3 1.6 68.9
Unit (2)
UK Production Unit 23.3 - - 23.3 - - - - - 23.3 - 23.3
Other 10.2 - - 10.2 0.3 - 3.6 - 5.5 19.6 6.5 26.1
Minerals Americas 821.7 85.3 - 907.0 - - 25.9 0.3 - 933.2 14.3 947.5
Escondida 626.7 85.3 - 712.0 - - 12.5 - - 724.5 2.9 727.4
Other Copper 0.7 - - 0.7 - - 1.8 - - 2.5 0.8 3.3
Pampa Norte 191.3 - - 191.3 - - 2.6 - - 193.9 2.8 196.7
Potash Canada (1.3) - - (1.3) - - 9.0 0.3 - 8.0 3.7 11.7
Head Office - BHP Brasil (1.4) - - (1.4) - - - - - (1.4) 4.1 2.7
Head Office - RAL Cayman Inc 5.7 - - 5.7 - - - - - 5.7 - 5.7
Minerals Australia 4,119.5 (4.7) - 4,114.8 2,333.3 - 21.0 1.3 - 6,470.4 241.2 6,711.6
New South Wales Energy Coal - - - - 71.9 - 1.9 0.5 - 74.3 11.7 86.0
Nickel West 21.7 - - 21.7 20.8 - 3.0 - - 45.5 16.3 61.8
Olympic Dam (4.2) - - (4.2) 51.8 - 2.3 0.8 - 50.7 19.8 70.5
Other Coal 20.8 - - 20.8 - - - - - 20.8 6.1 26.9
Queensland Coal (3) 796.0 - - 796.0 553.3 - 1.0 - - 1,350.3 80.1 1,430.4
Western Australia Iron Ore 3,285.2 (4.7) - 3,280.5 1,635.5 - 12.8 - - 4,928.8 107.2 5,036.0
Group and Unallocated 16.4 - - 16.4 - - 0.3 0.2 - 16.9 34.4 51.3
Closed Sites 43.8 - - 43.8 - - 0.3 0.2 - 44.3 1.2 45.5
Corporate (4) (45.8) - - (45.8) - - - - - (45.8) 36.3 (9.5)
Commercial 18.4 - - 18.4 - - - - - 18.4 (3.1) 15.3
Figures are rounded to the nearest decimal point.
(1) Production entitlements of 1.5 million boe paid in-kind.
(2) Production entitlements of 3.1 million boe paid in-kind.
(3) Royalties, fees and other payments made by BM Alliance Coal Operations Pty Limited have been included in total payments to the extent of BHP’s ownership of the operating entity, being 50 per cent.
(4) The corporate income tax amount does not represent a refund from a government. Instead, it represents the allocation of the Australian corporate income tax payment among members of the Australian tax consolidation group. For further information,
refer to ‘Basis of report preparation’ section.
Basis of report preparation
The Report is prepared from data recorded in our financial systems, being the same data and financial systems
used to prepare our Financial Statements. In preparing the Report, we have followed the draft guidance material
produced by the Australian Accounting Standards Board.
The ‘Total payments as defined by the UK Regulations’ included in pages 18 to 23 have been prepared in
accordance with the Reports on Payments to Governments Regulations 2014, as amended by the Reports on
Payments to Governments (Amendment) Regulations 2015 and the UK Regulations implement the EU
Accounting Directive (Chapter 10, Directive 2013/34/EU) (the ‘UK Regulations’).
Taxes, royalties and other payments to governments are presented in this Report on a cash paid and cash
received basis for the year ended 30 June 2020.
For our controlled assets, amounts included in our total payments to governments are 100 per cent of the assets’
payments to governments. For our non-operated and operated joint ventures, amounts included in our payments
to governments are 100 per cent of the amounts paid by BHP and, in the case of BHP Mitsubishi Alliance (BMA),
50 per cent of payments made by the operating entity for BMA in which BHP has a 50 per cent ownership. For
our investments in joint ventures and associates that are equity accounted by BHP, no amounts have been
included in our total payments to governments as BHP is not the operator and does not make payments on behalf
of the operation. For information purposes, 100 per cent of the payments made by our significant equity accounted
investments have been shown on page 4 even though no amounts have been included in our total payments to
governments.
Taxes, royalties and other payments, both cash and in-kind (non-cash), to governments, net of refunds, are
collectively referred to in this Report as ‘total payments to governments’ and include the following payment
categories:
Corporate income taxes
Payments to governments based on taxable profits under legislated income tax rules. This also includes payments
made to revenue authorities in respect of disputed claims and withholding taxes. For the purposes of allocating
corporate income taxes to particular countries in the Payments made by country and level of government section
of this Report, withholding taxes are allocated to the country to which the withholding taxes are remitted – for
example, Chilean withholding taxes paid to the Chilean Government are allocated to Chile.
Royalty-related income taxes
Payments to governments in relation to profits from the extraction of natural resources, including Petroleum
Resource Rent Tax (PRRT) in Australia and Specific Tax on Mining Activities (STMA) in Chile. This also includes
payments to revenue authorities in respect of disputed claims. Royalty-related income taxes are presented as
income tax in section 5.1.1 Consolidated Income Statement in the Annual Report 2020.
Taxes levied on production
Payments to governments in relation to crude excise, carbon tax and severance tax on the extraction of natural
resources. Taxes levied on production are presented as expenses, not income tax, in section 5.1.1 Consolidated
Income Statement in the Annual Report 2020.
Royalties
Payments to governments in relation to revenue or production generated under licence agreements. This also
includes payments to revenue authorities in respect of disputed claims. Royalties are presented as expenses, not
income tax, in section 5.1.1 Consolidated Income Statement in the Annual Report 2020. Royalty-related income
taxes are excluded from Royalties.
Production entitlements
Payments to governments entitled to a share of production under production sharing agreements. Production
entitlements are most often paid in-kind. In-kind payments are measured based on the market value of the
commodity on the date of delivery to the government.
Fees
Payments to governments in the form of fees typically levied on the initial or ongoing right to use a geographical
area for exploration, development and/or production. This includes licence fees, rental fees, entry fees and other
payments for licences and/or concessions.
Payments for infrastructure improvements
Payments to governments for the construction of public infrastructure, such as roads, bridges and port facilities.
Dividend payments
Payments to governments with ownership interests in specific assets; not payments to governments as holders
of ordinary shares in BHP. There were no dividend payments to governments for the year ended 30 June 2020.
Signature, discovery or production bonuses
Payments to governments upon signing an oil and gas lease, when discovering natural resources, and/or when
production has commenced.
Other payments
Payments to governments under other legislated tax rules, such as payroll tax, fringe benefits tax, excise duties,
property tax, land tax and black lung tax. These payments are not specifically required to be disclosed by the UK
Regulations.
Excluded amounts
The following are not included in total payments to governments:
Taxes collected
Tax payments made to governments on behalf of our employees.
Indirect taxes
Tax payments made to or received from governments in the nature of sales tax, value added tax and goods and
services tax.
Penalties and interest
Payments to governments resulting from the imposition of penalties, fees or interest.
Other
Certain payments, whether made as a single payment or as a series of related payments below US$100,000
(being a lower amount than the £86,000 threshold set out in the UK Regulations).
Projects
Payments made on a project-by-project basis (refer to Payments made on a project-by-project basis section of
this Report) present payments by entity when not specifically attributable to a project.
Payments in relation to Corporate Head Office and the Commercial function have been included in the total
payments to governments as defined by the UK Regulations. The payments are not attributable to specific
projects. ‘Corporate Head Office’ and ‘Commercial’ comprise functional support for the Group that in FY2020
consists entirely of projects that undertake relevant activities as defined by the UK Regulations.
The Payments made on a project-by-project basis section presents corporate income tax amounts for each
project/entity taking into account the effects of tax consolidation in Australia. These include the following:
• losses from one entity can be offset against taxable income of another entity within the same tax consolidated
group
• only the head entity of a tax consolidated group is liable to make corporate income tax payments to the Australian
Tax Office (ATO)
• typically, corporate tax groups allocate the aggregate corporate income tax payments made by the head entity
to the ATO among entities within the Australian tax consolidated group
Reporting currency
All payments to governments on pages 18 to 23 have been reported in US dollars. Payments denominated in
currencies other than US dollars are translated for this Report at the exchange rate at the date of the payment.
Glossary
Adjusted effective tax rate
Total taxation expense excluding exceptional items and exchange movements included in taxation expense
divided by Profit before taxation and exceptional items.
Adjusted effective tax and royalty rate
Total taxation expense excluding exceptional items and exchange movements included in taxation expense
plus royalty expense divided by Profit before taxation, royalties and exceptional items.
BHP or the Group
BHP Group Limited and BHP Group Plc and their respective subsidiaries.
Current tax expense
The amount of corporate income tax and royalty-related income tax and production entitlements currently
payable and attributable to the year, measured at rates enacted or substantively enacted at year-end, together
with any adjustment to those taxes payable in respect of previous years.
Deferred tax expense
The amount of corporate income tax and royalty-related income tax and production entitlements attributable to
the current year but payable in future years provided using the balance sheet liability method.
Employees and contractors
The weighted average number of employees and contractors across the Group is calculated from the actual
number of employees on the last day of the month over the 10-month period from July 2019 to April 2020 at
each BHP controlled site. It includes the Executive Director, 100 per cent of employees of subsidiary companies
and our share of proportionate consolidated entities. Employees of equity accounted entities are not included.
Part-time employees are included on a full-time equivalent basis. Employees of businesses acquired or
disposed of during the year are included for the period of ownership.
Government
Any national, regional or local authority of a country (includes a department, agency or undertaking that is a
subsidiary undertaking where the authority is the parent undertaking).
Income tax expense
The total of current tax expense and deferred tax expense.
Low-tax jurisdictions
In classifying which countries are ‘low-tax jurisdictions’, we have applied the EU list of non-cooperative
jurisdictions for tax purposes, issued in December 2017 by the European Union and subsequently updated. The
updated list used in this Report was issued on 28 February 2020.
Payments to shareholders, lenders and investors
Geographical distribution is based on the registered address of shareholders (for returns to shareholders
including dividends) and country of incorporation of the borrower for interest payments.
Profit before taxation
Profit before taxation when presented by country is adjusted for intercompany dividends.
Project
Consistent with the UK Regulations, a project is defined as the operational activities that are governed by a single
contract, licence, lease, concession or similar legal agreements and form the basis for payment liabilities with a
government. If multiple such agreements are ‘substantially interconnected’ they may be considered a project. For
these purposes ‘substantially interconnected’ means forming a set of operationally and geographically integrated
contracts, licences, leases or concessions or related agreements with substantially similar terms that are signed
with a government, giving rise to payment liabilities.
Report
The Report has been prepared for BHP’s financial year from 1 July 2019 to 30 June 2020.
Social investment
Includes community contributions and associated administrative costs (including costs borne by BHP to
facilitate the operation of the BHP Foundation), and BHP’s equity share in community contributions for both
operated and non-operated joint ventures.
UK Regulations
The Reports on Payments to Governments Regulations 2014, as amended by the Reports on Payments to
Governments (Amendment) Regulations 2015. The UK Regulations implement the EU Accounting Directive
(Chapter 10, Directive 2013/34/EU) in the United Kingdom.
Sponsor: UBS South Africa (Pty) Limited
BHP Group Plc Registration number 3196209
Registered in England and Wales
Registered Office: Nova South, 160 Victoria Street, London SW1E 5LB United Kingdom
A member of the BHP Group which is headquartered in Australia
Date: 15-09-2020 07:05:00
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